Discussion Response
Answer 2 discussion posts below /provide a APA reference to each response
1.Martha Benitez
Problem/Topic
Hyperlipidemia affects 94 million individuals in the United States ages 20 years and older (The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2021). Furthermore, three-quarters of Hispanic adults in the United States have higher incidences of hyperlipidemia, which is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease (Hernandez et al., 2018). The high prevalence of hyperlipidemia can be addressed through education and early involvement is imperative for the Hispanic population. Imperative measures include following guidelines that recommend dietary interventions, vigorous exercise, and possible use of statin therapy to assist in decreasing the prevalence of hyperlipidemia.
PICO
How effective is preventative care, education and early treatment in reducing the increased prevalence of hyperlipidemia in Hispanic adults aged 20-40?
Social Determinants of Health
Hyperlipidemia and other cardiovascular disease risk factors are at increased prevalence in minority communities with low socioeconomic status, and a deficiency of access to healthcare. Underserved minority communities display low adherence to treatment due to barriers such as socioeconomic challenges (Muñoz et al., 2019). Economic stability is a challenge for individuals that live in poverty as it poses difficulties in access to nutritious food which are imperative to decrease the prevalence of hyperlipidemia. Furthermore, a lack of access to healthcare that includes not having health insurance, or sufficient facilities to receive healthcare contributes to higher incidences of cardiovascular disease. The lack of access to healthcare impedes individuals from receiving preventative care, education, and appropriate treatment. Lack of access to quality education can affect the population’s understanding of the education being provided to remain healthy and deter illness such as hyperlipidemia. Lastly, the neighborhood and built environment domain is reflective as low socioeconomic status neighborhoods are deficient in safe areas to exercise which is imperative in decreasing or deterring hyperlipidemia and cardiovascular disease.
2.Ridhima S.
Problem: Diabetes Mellitus Type II is an increasingly common chronic condition. Often patients are diagnosed with diabetes type II in the hospital when the present with complications, which requires that they are provided with discharge education on diabetes management. This also occurs when patients present with complications of uncontrolled diabetes, which calls for education to reinforce prior to discharge. Diabetes is a complex condition to manage and understand for many patients.
The progression of diabetes leads to complications such as neuropathy, gangrene, blindness, increased risk of CVD, etc. These complications can severely alter quality of life and increase the cost of care immensely. Management of diabetes and blood sugar control early on is crucial for patients. When patients leave the hospital, it is important to ensure they are aware of how to manage their blood sugar. Often control of blood sugar looks very different in the hospital in comparison to how it is managed at home.
Hospitals can be affected with readmissions and worsening conditions of patients with uncontrolled diabetes. Many hospitals have diabetes educators to assist with diabetes discharge education. However, diabetes educators can often be overwhelmed, understaffed, or limited in terms of working hours. In these cases, discharge education often falls on the bedside nurse. Hence this produces some variation of the quality and thoroughness of diabetes education given to the patient based on the bedside nurse’s time constraints, familiarity with content, language barriers, etc.
PICO Question:
In the adult patient with type 2 diabetes will structured education curriculum on medications, diet, and s/s hyper/hypoglycemic reduce hospital readmissions and improve patient outcomes?
Social Determinants of Health:
Economic stability: Patients with lower economic stability tend to make poor food choices, struggle with increased stress, may have greater difficulty making the needed lifestyle modifications and acquiring medications, supplies, and access to care.
Education: Patients with lower levels of education are likely to struggle to navigate the health care system and information related to medical care.
Neighborhood: Certain neighborhoods can include food deserts, lack of safe outdoor areas to play and walk.
Social and Community context: Different ethnic backgrounds have different staple foods that can be heavy in carbohydrates which would increase risk of hyperglycemia.
