Kinesiology; human anatomy
Discuss route of blood flow from arteries to veins
Discuss the structure of blood vessels and capillaries
Learning Objectives
Introduction to Anatomy
Explain the route of blood flow from arteries, to capillaries to veins
Be able to identify and name the different layers of blood vessels
Explain the different types of capillaries
Describe the structural and functional properties of cardiac muscle and explain how it differs from skeletal muscle.
For each of the following, state whether it applies to skeletal muscle, cardiac muscle, or both:
refractory period is almost as long as the contraction
source of Ca2+ for contraction is only SR
has troponin
has triads
has better capacity for aerobic respiration
Quick Quiz
For each of the following, state whether it applies to skeletal muscle, cardiac muscle, or both: refractory period is almost as long as the contraction cardiac
source of Ca2+ for contraction is only SR skeletal
has troponin cardiac & skeletal
has triads skeletal
has better capacity for aerobic respiration cardiac
Quick Quiz
Answer the following questions:
Intercalated discs consist of ___________ and ________.
Cardiac muscle has _____________ (greater/fewer)
mitochondria per cell than skeletal muscle
Find the terminal cisternae on this picture:
Quick Quiz
Name the components of the intrinsic conduction system of the heart, and trace the conduction pathway.
Describe the extrinsic innervation of the heart
Answer the following questions:
Intercalated discs consist of desmosomes and gap junctions.
Cardiac muscle has greater (greater/fewer)
mitochondria per cell than skeletal muscle
Find the terminal cisternae on this picture:
exist
Describe the timing and events of the cardiac cycle
Describe normal heart sounds
Match the pictures on the left with the phases of the cardiac cycle on the right:
Quick Quiz
Ventricular filling
Match the pictures on the left with the phases of the cardiac cycle on the right:
Quick Quiz
Ventricular filling
b
c
a
Heart produces sounds that can be correlated to its cycle– Basic rhythm of the heart is “lub-dup”
First sound “lub” represents closing of atrioventricular valves
Second sound”dup” represents closing of semilunar valves
Heart Sounds
What is the function of the papillary muscles and chordae tendineae?
What are the four stages of the cardiac cycle?
Which stage marks the shift from systole to diastole?
The second heart sound is associated with the closing of which valve(s)?
Quick Quiz
What is the function of the papillary muscles and chordae tendineae?
P-muscles tighten CT; prevents prolapse of AV valves
What are the four stages of the cardiac cycle?
Which stage marks the shift from systole to diastole?
Ventricular filling, IV-contraction, ventricular ejection and IV-relaxation; momentary period between ventricular ejection and IV-relaxation
The second heart sound is associated with the closing of which valve(s)?
Closing of semilunar valves at beginning of diastole
Quick Quiz
Cardiac Output: Stroke
Volume & Heart Rate
Cardiac Cycle Regulation
Name and explain the effects of various factors regulating stroke volume and heart rate.
Discuss the origin(s) of imbalances in cardiac output
What problem of cardiac output might ensue if the heart beats too fast for an extended period, that is, if tachycardia occurs?
After running to catch a bus, Josh noticed that his heart was beating faster than normal and was pounding forcefully. What can increase both HR and SV?
Quick Quiz
What problem of cardiac output might ensue if the heart beats too fast for an extended period, that is, if tachycardia occurs?
Time for ventricular filling decreases, which eventually decreases end diastolic volume (preload), stroke volume and ultimately cardiac output
After running to catch a bus, Josh noticed that his heart was beating faster than normal and was pounding forcefully. What can increase both HR and contractility?
