What are the bold lines that separate the planes of color in Japanese vases made from?

Japonisme: The Crave for Eastern Goods by the Western World

The following link will take you to a virtual exhibition called “Japonisme Rediscovered”, which focuses on the unique influence of Japanese art on art and material goods of the Western World from the mid-19th century to the early-20th century:

As you go through the exhibition, answer the following questions below:

1. In your own words, define japonisme?
2. What is significant about the new Meiji Emperor adopting a Western style of dress? What does this say about the Meiji era?
3. How would you describe metal sculpture from the Meiji era? How do they look? What are the typical subjects? Use an example from the exhibition in your answer.
4. What makes the Japanese silk-on-silk tapestries so mesmerizing? What effect are the artists achieving?
5. What techniques did these silk artists use to make the figures look 3D and lifelike?
6. What are the bold lines that separate the planes of color in Japanese vases made from?
7. What are the typical subjects and motifs of Japanese vases?
8. Describe the influence that Japanese art had on Van Gogh and his art. What motifs/styles of Japanese art did Van Gogh imitate? You must write a paragraph (6 sentences) and use at least two art examples from Van Gogh and two art example from Japan.